In order to do so, the intelligence community gathers information from many different areas through several different tactics.
Specifically, there are overarching categories that describe the various ways that intelligence is collected. These include:
SIGINT: Signals intelligence, or SIGINT, is the process of intercepting signals or communications transmitted electronically such as through radars, radios, or weapons systems.
MASINT: Measurement and Signature Intelligence is the use of intelligence to create detailed reports of targets. For instance, the telemetry of missiles is figured out using MASINT.
IMINT: The creation of images through electronic means such as radar or electro-optics for the purpose of collecting intelligence is known as imagery intelligence, or IMINT.
Although all six of the above disciplines are necessary for thorough intelligence collection, SIGINT and HUMINT are instrumental in protecting this country against foreign attacks, including those performed by terrorists.
SIGINT Breaking Codes and Reading Signals
An important subcategory of SIGINT is COMINT, or communications intelligence, which deals with voice communications commonly over radios. This is used to gather information such as location, and identity.
Another subcategory is ELINT, or electronics signal intelligence, which uses sensors to gather intelligence. One of the main focuses of ELINT is to read electromagnetic radiation for the purpose of figuring out the location of enemy ships and aircraft.
HUMINT The Spy Business
Human intelligence is what is commonly thought of when people think of the intelligence community. The stereotypical spy’s main focus is gathering information from human sources. They use tactics such as espionage and interrogation. HUMINT is an extremely important function that is instrumental to infiltrating terrorist organizations and collecting information on terrorist attacks.
SIGINT and HUMINT Training
Both signals intelligence and human intelligence require training in specialized skills that are unique to each discipline. SIGINT involves technical skills including computer science and mathematics, whereas HUMINT involves a lot of psychological training.
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